The test material was a fibre-reinforced laminate supplied to CATT by Saint-Gobain Technical Fabrics of St. Catharines, Ontario in January of 2001. The laminate was supplied in the form of rectangular plates measuring approximately 200mm (4in) wide, 300mm (l0in) long and 5mm (0.2in) deep. JetCut Inc. of Waterloo cut test coupons from the plates using abrasive water jet technology that is computer controlled. Based on previous work, CATT found the abrasive water jet cutting technology to be the best method for cutting the laminate because the process generates very little heat and has a cutting accuracy of +/-0.125 to 0.250 mm. It is the understanding of CATT that the laminate product will be used as a Cured in Place Pipe (CIPP) liner product.
To confirm that the laminate plate tested in Phase II was similar to that reported in the Phase I report, three coupons cut from Plate 6 were tested on February 9, 2001 in accordance with ASTM D790-99 "Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials ". In this test, a specimen of rectangular cross-section rests on two supports and is tested in flexure as a beam until it reaches failure or five percent strain in its outer fibers, whichever occurs first. The specimen is loaded along its middle cross-section with the use of a loading nose of specified radius (three-point bending). A support span-to-depth ratio of 16:1 was used for all flexural tests and only flat wise tests were performed. All Phase II test laminate coupons (6-1 to 6-3) were cut perpendicular to the fabric machine direction and varied between 5.01 to 5.06 mm in depth. Figure 1.1 shows the three Phase II laminate coupons flexural stress - flexural strain response, as well as, the maximum and minimum Phase I limit (dashed lines). Based on Figure 1.1 Phase II laminates appear to have a similar flexural response to maximum and minimum Phase I limits.
Testing Of the LAMINATE Product
Centre for Advancement of Trenchless Technology
Test Specifications and Procedure
ASTM D543 - 95, Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Resistance of Plastics to Chemical Reagents, outlines test procedures for determining resistance of the laminate product to various chemical reagents by means of reporting weight, dimensions, appearance, and strength properties, after a set duration period of immersion. ASTM D543 does not specify the types or concentrations of reagents, duration of the test, or properties to be reported.
In accordance with our January proposal and the information provided to CATT by Composite Technology Polymers Group of Sheboygan, WI, the test method consisted of soaking test laminate coupons cut from the laminate plates in the following chemical reagents for a seven-day period:
Water - Control
1 % Nitric Acid
1 % Ferric Chloride
5% Ammonium Hydroxide
1 % Sodium Hypochloride
5% Sodium Hydroxide
20% Sulphuric Acid
0.1% Soap (Jergens Lotion Enriched Cream Hand Soap)
0.1 % Detergent (Fisherbrand, Sparkleen Cat No. 04-320-4)
BOD not less than 700 PPM
Testing Of the LAMINATE Product
Centre for Advancement of Trenchless Technology - 3 -
Testing Of the LAMINATE Product
Centre for Advancement of Trenchless Technology - 4 -
The chemical reagents were prepared on May 8, 2001. The BOD solution was a synthetic version made from Dextrose. To ensure that the BOD synthetic version maintained a concentration greater than 700 PPM, ASTM 5220 COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), Method C Closed Reflux, Titrimetric test was completed on the BOD reagents approximately every two days while the laminate coupons were immersed. The results from the COD test can be found in Appendix A on the CD attached to this report.
astm d543 details two practices: Practice A - Immersion Test and Practice B -Mechanical Stress and Reagent Exposure. Practice A, Procedure I was followed to determine weight and dimension changes. Practice A, Procedure II was followed to determine flexural stress and strain changes. Practice B was used to determine the impact of the reagents on laminate coupons while under a 1% bending strain condition. Additional details on the test procedures are presented in the following report sections.Details to know please visit here
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